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Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (;〔("Velázquez" ). ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''.〕 also and ;〔("Velázquez" in the Oxford Dictionaries )〕〔("Velázquez" in the Oxford US English Dictionary )〕 ; baptized on June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660) was a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV and one of the most important painters of the Spanish Golden Age. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary Baroque period, important as a portrait artist. In addition to numerous renditions of scenes of historical and cultural significance, he painted scores of portraits of the Spanish royal family, other notable European figures, and commoners, culminating in the production of his masterpiece ''Las Meninas'' (1656). From the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Velázquez's artwork was a model for the realist and impressionist painters, in particular Édouard Manet. Since that time, famous modern artists, including Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dalí and Francis Bacon, have paid tribute to Velázquez by recreating several of his most famous works. ==Early life== Born in Seville, Andalucia, Spain, Velázquez, the first child of João Rodrigues da Silva and Jerónima Velázquez, was baptized at the church of St. Peter in Seville on Sunday, June 6, 1599. This christening must have followed the baby's birth by no more than a few weeks, or perhaps only a few days. Velázquez's paternal grandparents, Diego da Silva and Maria Rodrigues, had moved to Seville from their native Portugal decades earlier. When Velázquez was offered knighthood in 1658, he claimed descent from the lesser nobility in order to qualify, but in fact his grandparents were tradespeople, and possibly Jewish conversos.〔(JSTOR, The Jewish Ancestry of Velázquez )〕〔https://books.google.com/books?id=HaGytoSF6uAC&pg=PA98&lpg=PA98&dq=diego+velazquez+portuguese+jew&source=bl&ots=MymxbwRQ5z&sig=-zL8IlkcQw6uQetgRCYvvjm8a80&hl=en&sa=X&ei=zCtpVLykGe6asQTXuYGACw&ved=0CFkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=diego%20velazquez%20portuguese%20jew&f=false〕〔Ingram, Kevin (1999). ("Diego Velázquez's Secret History" ), ''Boletín del Museo del Prado'', XVII (35): 69–85.〕 As for João Rodrigues da Silva and his wife, both were born in Seville, and were married, also at the church of St. Peter, on December 28, 1597. Velázquez was educated by his parents to fear God and, intended for a learned profession, received good training in languages and philosophy. Influenced by many artists he showed an early gift for art; consequently, he began to study under Francisco de Herrera, a vigorous painter who disregarded the Italian influence of the early Seville school. Velázquez remained with him for one year. It was probably from Herrera that he learned to use brushes with long bristles. After leaving Herrera's studio when he was 12 years old, Velázquez began to serve as an apprentice under Francisco Pacheco, an artist and teacher in Seville. Though considered a generally dull, undistinguished painter, Pacheco sometimes expressed a simple, direct realism in contradiction to the style of Raphael that he was taught. Velázquez remained in Pacheco's school for five years, studying proportion and perspective and witnessing the trends in the literary and artistic circles of Seville. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Diego Velázquez」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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